This is part of the labels / documentation for <a href='http://jcm.chooseclimate.org'>Java Climate Model</a><hr/>

#intro		¨oldJCM4 addJCM5		§Note this is old documentation from JCM4, to be updated
//(JCM4 had a similar core model but quite different user interface)//


£§intropara
  <hr>
  So what do you want to explore?   <li>@howto
£~howto      <li>@emitcc
£~emitcc    <li>@science
£~science     <li>@pan
What is this plot / control / option / curve...?   
  %%£§usehelpmode%%  <li>@autodemo
£~autodemo      <li>@about
Where did JCM come from, where is it going?

  <hr>Note also   <li>@layoutmenu<li>@languagemenu<li>@download<li>@whatnew<li>@copyr  <li><a href="../struc/opendoc.html">Opening introductory page</a>

#howto		¨oldJCM4		§A sequence of simple explanations of how to adjust parameters using the  controls and options, and change plots and menus.
  %%Note, this introduction starts at a basic level. If you want something more exciting/detailed try: @autodemo, @emitcc, @science, @pan %%
  %%€€adju Note: To follow this tutorial, the @helpmode (top of model) must be  switched off, otherwise this page will be replaced by plot-specific documentation, whenever you click on the model. %%
  ££adjcontrol ££emittoimp ££morecomplex ££offtop

#adjcontrol		¨oldJCM4		§££howuco2tempdemo
  Click the button above for a simple demonstration showing the link between CO2 concentration (above) and temperature rise (below), both plotted as a function of time from 1750 to 2300 (i.e. we are now in the middle).

  The moving black arrow on the concentration plot adjusts the target CO2 stabilisation level and the year in which this is reached (a "mitigation" policy option)

  The red arrow on the temperature plot adjusts the climate sensitivity (a scientific uncertainty).

  You can get pop-up information about each arrow (parameter control), just by moving your mouse over it. You can also see the units by moving your mouse over the y-axis to the left of the plot.

  Now try adjusting the CO2 curve yourself, simply by dragging the black control with your mouse. Alternatively if you have a slow computer (or web browser), click on the control once, and click again elsewhere to move it in jumps. The control will pull the black curve with it: up and down changes the stabilisation level, left or right changes the year. The temperature responds accordingly.

  The red arrow pulls the temperature up and down, but in a more subtle way, as the climate sensitivity is not directly linked to the curve (it is the equilibrium temperature change corresponding to CO2 doubling, which depends on water vapour feedback processes).
  Moving this arrow horizontally has no effect.

  %%€€cogs Note the temperature is relative to 1990, hence it appears to decrease in the past, when it increases in the future %%
  %%€€adju Note also, that while you are dragging a control, information about its current value appears in red at the top of the plot.
  Otherwise, the x-y position of the mouse pointer is displayed. %%
  %%€€adju The mouse will have no effect on the model if the demo is running -you must stop it first. %%

#emittoimp		¨oldJCM4		§££howuemitseademo
  Click the button above to start the second demo. Now you can also see plots of emissions and sea-level rise, showing the full cause-effect sequence:

Emissions => Concentration => Temperature => Sea-level

  Try setting up the plots yourself: first select the 4-plots option from the "Layout" drop-down menu at the top of the model. By default, this places "Regional Climate Map" as the bottom left plot. To change this to Sea-level, use the "Plot" menu at its top right corner.

  %%€€adju You can show as many copies as you like of each plot, which can have different  display options (scales, choice of curves) although they share the same underyling model options.%%

  Since we choose to stabilise concentration as a policy option (this is the ultimate aim of the UN Climate Convention -see @art2, @stabconcdoc), the carbon cycle model calculates <i>backwards</i> from the target concentration curve to get the required emissions (this is known as an <i>"inverse"</i> calculation -see @inverse).

  You may have noticed that the climate sensitivity also slightly affects the required emissions: the warmer it is, the lower the emissions must be to achieve the specified concentration. This is due to the influence of temperature on the ocean carbonate chemistry - a positive climate => carbon feedback effect (see also @flowchart,  @carbchem)

  You should also notice that to keep the CO2 concentration level, the emissions must keep falling, due to the limited capacity of the ocean and biosphere sinks. Moreover,  even after stabilisation of atmospheric CO2, the sea-level continues to rise, due to the very slow uptake of heat by the deep ocean.
  Hence, it is not so easy to stop climate change!

  So how much do you think we should reduce emissions to avoid increasing the temperature? Perhaps it depends on the climate sensitivity (among other uncertainties)? Finding the balance requires both risk and value judgements as well as understanding of the science. See also @stabtempdoc

#morecomplex		¨oldJCM4		§££howulabelsdemo
  Now we increase the complexity level from "Simplest" to "Normal" using the menu at the top.

The overall concept of each plot is the same, but extra curves show how the total emissions, temperature, or sea-level is each a combination of various influences.

  There is also an "expert" level which introduces yet more curves and controls, to show the detail of how the model works.

  To see what the curves are, move your mouse over the coloured legend boxes, and see the pop-up info, demonstrated by the demo-wizard.

  You can also change the <i>language</i> of this pop-up info using the @languagemenu at the top.
  <hr>

  The CO2 emissions are now divided into region shown by coloured bands. The colour legend is also shown by the Emissions Regions Map (select from a "Plot" menu). The six "warm" colours correspond to the industrialised countries with emissions targets in "annex B" of the Kyoto protocol. Note that the timescale of this plot is now only from 1900 to 2100, since there is insufficient regional data beyond this. 

  The Atmospheric CO2 plot now shows CO2 sources and sinks as well as CO2 concentration. The concentration scale (ppm) has moved to the right hand axis, whilst the left axis shows GtC, for emissions and sinks (you can adjust these using controls on @carbonstorageplot)

  Historical data has now been added to the temperature plot, both direct measurements since 1860 (green), and also proxy data from tree rings and lake sediments (grey). The brown curve is calculated by the @heatflux module -how well does it match the data (the fit will be affected by uncertainty controls on @radforplot and @oceantempplot)?

#offtop		¨oldJCM4		§££howuscalesdemo
  Now we see what might happen if there is no global climate policy (i.e. the UN Climate Convention process fails).
  The IPCC SRES scenarios explore various possible future worlds, excluding global policy to mitigate emissions (see @aboutsres)

  To see these, first select £~nopolicy from the @emitmenu at the top, then pick a scenario from the @sresmenu.

  As you can see, several of these scenarios take the emissions, CO2 and temperature way off the top of the plots. However you can change the scale, simply by dragging it up or down. If you click near the origin (usually 2000 for x-axis and zero for y-axis) you will shift the origin, otherwise, you will stretch or sqeeze the plot: try it. See also @scale.

  You could also use this to zoom in on the data: several historical events can be identified particularly in the  per-capita emissions plot.
  You can make such a plot  by choosing £`popn from the @perq on a @distribplot
  Note: SRES also changes the population

  Don't forget, you can always press reset (top left)!

#howuco2tempdemo		¨dem		§£!howuco2tempdemo

#howuemitseademo		¨dem		§£!howuemitseademo

#howulabelsdemo		¨dem		§£!howulabelsdemo

#howuscalesdemo		¨dem		§£!howuscalesdemo

#autodemo		¨oldJCM4		§Sorry, this has not yet been updated to the new scripting code - coming back soon!